Fashion Diasters

ionetheurbandaily.files.wordpress.com
ionetheurbandaily.files.wordpress.com
Many times celebrities will try to outdo each other by wearing ridiculous-looking clothing. They may think that they are making a fashion statement, when in fact they are making fools of themselves.  Here are some famous fashion disasters made by influential celebrities around the world.
mtv.com
mtv.com
Britney Spears And Justin Timberlake made a bold statement at the 2001 American Music Awards by wearing matching denim outfits. The outfits were not plain denim, however. They were more of a mish-mosh of different pairs of jeans that were cut apart and sewn together. Britney’s dress was strapless and Justin’s suit looked like a patchwork pair of overalls. Britney even carried a matching purse to the awards.
i.dailymail.co.uk
i.dailymail.co.uk
At the 2000 Grammys, Jennifer Lopez wore an eye-catching every-revealing Versace emerald green dress that left very little to the imagination. It was so low cut, it went below her belly button.

Guru Maharaji Reveals Who Will Win Presidential Election

Guru-Maharaji
Controversial leader of One Love Family, Sat Guru Mahara ji has revealed who will win the forthcoming presidential election. “There is no vacancy for Buhari at Aso Rock” he said. Dailypost reports that Guru Mahara Ji, in a bid to forewarn APC, has advised the party and its presidential candidate, General Muhammadu Buhari, to forget Nigeria’s presidency.
He declared in statement made on sunday “President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan is the verifiable divine choice of the forthcoming presidential election. As the Living Perfect Master of creation in whose hands the fate of Nigerian project lies spiritually, I declare divinity’s decision to return Jonathan to Aso Rock over Muhammadu Buhari.”
“I had publicly and sufficiently advised Buhari against nursing the ambition to rule Nigeria again. Superior forces are actually in-charge of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. I am at the helm of these great and unseen primordial powers of creation.”
“My commitment to ensuring that Buhari and his fellow Anglo-American proxies do not deflect Nigeria off its path of gradual transition to authentic sovereignty, sustainable unity and real prosperity is sacrosanct. Nigeria is no longer to be ruled by feudal agents of Western neo-colonial power and Arab imperialists,” he added.
The spiritual leader called on all lovers of freedom, fairness and human dignity in Nigeria to vote for President Jonathan, saying, “He is an authentic component of Nigeria’s divinely graphed transition to greatness. His return to Aso Rock will further secure Nigeria from being re-enslaved by those who insist they were born to rule.”

3 Relationship Pitfalls You Can Prevent


On the rocky road of Love, some of the deep potholes you encounter can cause a blowout. Careful driving with both eyes on the road will help you avoid the innumerable hazards that can wreck your precious bond. Relationships need attention and care, much like a car needs gas, a tune-up and an oil change every 3,000 miles. On your journey of love, prevent the three most treacherous and common relationship pitfalls.


Money, insecurity and fear of change are three demons that can spell doom for a relationship. We will examine each hot spot and create a set of affirmations that will keep your relationship humming.

Pitfall One: Money

      Money is not the greatest hazard to your relationship that everyone believes it to be. Money just makes the easiest argument, guaranteed to put everyone at odds. Money casts a weird spell in very unpredictable ways. The people who have much money tend to be very worried about losing it. To those with little, money is a constant concern, pain and need. Money drives some people mad. It urges others to steal and kill. Some don't have a care or worry about it. But to many, money becomes a sensitive hot button issue.
Money is a scapegoat, an excuse catch-all for many other issues and problems. Your soulmate may scream, "How much did you spend on those damn curtains?!," but what he would rather honestly admit is, "Honey, I feel like you've been pushing me away and I am lonely."
Money is always the easiest excuse. Everyone uses it. Someone is either spending too much or too little. Money is the easiest way to start an argument. When your boss yells at you for someone else's mistake, you can work the hurt feelings out in the gym or you can go home and pick a fight with your mate. "Do you really need that Porsche?" If you are angry that he has left the sink full of dirty dishes, push some buttons and remind him that he is not bringing home enough bacon. Money causes mayhem. It is the easiest way to insult and anger the one you love. Our society places a great deal of importance and imagined power on money. Your wealth is your stature. In a relationship, money can easily corrupt your pure love.
If we strip it naked, money is merely a unit of measure, an accounting tool. Money is a means of trade and exchange. Money holds no value in the strength of your relationship. Money can never be a symbol of your romantic achievements. Your partnership is the focus of your greatest success. The health, direction and progress of your partnership are where your greatest riches lie.
When the fires of a money argument start to smolder, step aside and ask, "What is the underlying problem here? What are we really arguing about?" Arguments over money rarely have anything to do with finances. Exhaust all your possibilities. What started your disagreement? Look for feelings of anger, resentment or failures with the zeal of a crime scene investigator. Who knows? At the end of the day, you may discover that nothing is amiss and the electric bill really is overdue.

Pitfall Two: Insecurity

      What is the difference between a relationship and a partnership? A relationship implies love and romance. A partnership sounds more like a business deal, with roles and responsibilities carefully defined. You are seeking a healthy love with elements of both. A relationship is made up of You, Me and Us.
Often times, love and emotion get tangled in mixed feelings and painful insecurities. In the workplace, none of that is tolerated. As a partner in love, you must balance yourself with heart and with your mind. Living closely and intimately is a wonderful thing. But it must be managed.
Insecurity can arise when your mate participates in activities and interests without you. However, partners must have their own identity respected and acknowledged. Together, you share mutual interests. Separately, you pursue your own. You and your mate are two independent individuals who have partnered to pursue a common goal. "Happily ever after" needs definition. Ask, "Together, what does a happy life mean to you, me and us?" Create concrete goals. Love will never be far away.

Pitfall Three: Change

In Life, you seek stability, looking for the things that you can trust, count on and believe in. You expect the same from a relationship. As human beings, we naturally seek an order to our ever-changing world. Stability is elusive to embrace. Stability rarely exists. By accepting the reality of our world and the need to embrace change, we create a greater worldview of Life. It allows us to discern the difference between the things we can worry about and those that we should not bother about.
What can you change? And what are the things over which you have no control? The earth that stands so firmly beneath your feet is an illusion. Everything changes. Terra Firma appears stable, but in reality, the earth's crust is very, very thin. There is little that protects us from the molten lava core of our planet Earth. An earthquake is a terribly frightening and beautifully awe-inspiring event. A quake is a reminder of how fragile our existence is. Nature is always blooming and decaying. Accept Change. It's happening whether you like it or not. An appreciation of Change will become the life force and strength of your Love.
True Love is never easy. Like all good things in life, your relationship needs attention and maintenance. Check the oil. Wash the car. Keep the air in your tires. Hit the gas and let your love fly.

Reprogram Yourself to Stop Falling in Love With The Wrong Person


When it comes to love and desire, we often think that there’s neither rhyme nor reason that governs attraction. As Emily Dickinson so aptly wrote, “The heart wants what it wants, or else it does not care.” And yet, by the time actor/director Woody Allen so famously co-opted the quote to explain the dubious beginnings of his longtime love affair with then step-daughter Soon-Yi Previn (begun while he was still romantically entangled with her mom, Mia Farrow), it was pretty clear that sometimes the heart wants something that might not actually be the best thing for it--or you.


But even more potentially damaging to chances at longtime romantic happiness is ignoring what’s going on in our heads. Many people find themselves locked into a negative cycle in which they repeatedly pursue partners who turn out to be either just plain ill-suited, or worse, downright destructive--but are seemingly clueless as to why. 
If you’re one of those “unlucky in love” types, wondering if there isn’t something you can do to change the game so that the odds are in your favor, there are actually several modifications you can make in your quest for amour--but the biggest changes you will likely have to make are going to start with you. In order to find lasting love, you must examine your personal history to shed light on events that set certain patterns in motion, and then you must re-learn the rules of attraction so that you are better able to focus on more suitable candidates for healthy romance. Here are a few steps to get you started.
Know The Catalyst
Many people who seem to haplessly fall into one doomed relationship after another do so because they’ve never fully resolved the childhood traumas that shaped their psyches, especially in cases of emotional abuse or neglect. As a child, you have no control over your environment, but as an adult, not only do you have the ability to understand how you came to be the person you’ve become, but you have the power to break destructive cycles by choosing not to engage in relationships that feed negative behavior.
Easier said than done? Yes, but professional help is there if you need it, and not everyone requires years of therapy to uncover what triggers self-destructive patterns. Knowledge is power. While you can never fix what was broken in the past, once you have the explanation, you can recognize the pull towards failed romances and move forward to make healthier choices.
Look Beyond Chemistry
Ah, chemistry . . . the most infamous weapon in Cupid’s arsenal, and yet, when we’re in school, chemistry is only one of the required courses. The evidence ofpheromone-based attraction notwithstanding, a well-rounded education in love demands the study of more than one subject.
No one’s telling you that you have to date someone to whom you are not physically attracted, but if that’s all there is, unless you’re looking for short-term gratification of an “urge to merge” (nothing wrong with that--so long as you understand that’s all it’s likely to be) chances are, lust is not going to be enough for the long haul.
Refocus Your Expectations
Refining expectations is not, I repeat, not synonymous with lowering expectations, so if you’re in the habit of repeatedly trying to pair up with unrealistic or unavailable partners, there’s a good chance it’s time to start setting your sights on more appropriate targets.
Lots of people are looking for love. That’s the pool you should dive into. And here’s a hint: As tempting as it may be to “drown in love” with that mythical mermaid, or plummet to giddy depths in tandem with the daring swain beckoning you to come hither from the high diving board, sticking with someone who swims at the same pace as you do will likely be infinitely more fulfilling once you reach the deep end.
The Real Benefits of Friends With Benefits
In the most enduring romances, passion evolves. Over time, rather than burning white-hot, it smolders beneath the surface like a bed of warm coals, and flares when properly fueled and fanned. 
Understanding how to build a romance based on the joy of one another’s company that’s bolstered by a shared sense of humor, like interests and mutual understanding is akin to knowing how to properly bank a fire so that it doesn’t burn out. Not every friendship will or should blossom into romance, but it’s an excellent way to start. So, if you’ve been dating yet one more lover and all-too-soon find yourself saying, “I love him/her, but I don’t like him/her” this is one lesson you should really take to heart because eventually, when love fizzles out, that dislike is going to color everything that’s left, and it’s not going to paint a pretty picture. 

3 Popular Tattoo Trends for Girls


1. Finger tattoos 
1. Finger tattoosA small tattoo attracts attention no less than a larger tattoo that is especially immediate of interest for girls. Finger tattoos look fricky and exotic. It is a vibrancy of its own! It’s a true art that recently became a trend. Celebrities picked up this trend with great pleasure. Now finger tattoos adorn Beyonce, Rihanna, Miley Cyrus and many other famous ladies. A tattoo actually so fun to have! By the way, you can start your tattoo experience with finger tattoos, as long as it doesn’t attract a lot of attention and they look so darn classy.
There’s a lot of room for imagination here – lines, bizzare symbols, infinity signs, simple letters or words, cute tiny portraits, nice patterns… Finger tattoos are easy to get creative with; simply think of a concept and rush to your tat master. By the way, you should be careful choosing an ink slinger, as tattoo on fingers loose color really quickly, because you’re always doing something with your hands. So think of artwork that can be easily amplified (re-drawn) later. If you decide to apply a finger tattoo better choose bold patterns and black or dark blue colors.

2. Couple tattoos
2. Couple tattoosGetting a “Couple’s Tattoo” is an amazing and sincere way to express your love. The Couple’s Tattoo is about everlasting, forever love. It looks so touchy! It means you committed to your beloved till the end of your life, as inks last forever.
Couple tattoos can be matching or the same; can have particular meaning that is understandable for only the two of you or just the love quotes you like. They can be funny or inspiring.
Either it is your boyfriend or best friend, you must be pretty sure you wanna keep lifelong ties. Think carefully before getting a couple tattoo, so that you won’t regret it later. As soon as you are absolutely sure that this is THE love of your life – surf for ideas and designs or create something with your partner that the two of you will adore forever.
3. White tattoo 
3. White tattooWhite ink tattoos are gaining popularity by leaps and bounds. These tattoos are made with white inks than can look really subtle and makes it even more cryptic. Remember the white tats are inked with more thickened inks to make it visible, so it may look incuse. It completely differs from regular tattoos in style and technique and they can be slinged with UV inks that make it glow!
Plus, unlike regular tattoos white ink requires special care and treatment – they take longer to heal so you need to keep it covered and away from the sun. If you don’t, your tattoo can become yellowish or grey or even disappear completely. Depending on the skin tone white tats may look like scars, so think of it more like branding rather than a tattoo.

idoma people and culture

Traditional History

the history of the Idoma people precedes the history of Benue state (created 1976) and the history of the Republic of Nigeria (created 1960). Oral tradition is the primary method of which history has been passed in Idomaland and is considered a central cultural institution. From a young age Idoma children usually learn from their elders stories of old and are brought up around extended families, which make multiple historical resources available. When prompted Idomas generally will proudly tell you where they are from, and it’s not uncommon for Idoma to be able to recite at least four generations of their progenitors. Historically, being unable to answer the emblematic question “Who is your father?” disqualified one from important roles and titles in Idomaland. Quite naturally, a number of villages trace origins to single ancestors and further, several Idoma groups trace their heritage to one common ancestor, considered the “father” of the different groups. According to traditional history, Iduh, the father of the Idoma had several children who each established different areas. Hence the expression: “Iduh the father of Idoma.” “Iduh the father of Idoma Iduh who begot all the Idoma He also begot the following children: Ananawoogeno who begot the children of Igwumale; Olinaogwu who begot the people of Ugboju; Idum who begot the people of Adoka; Agabi who begot the people of Otukpo; Eje who begot the people of Oglewu; Ebeibi who begot the people of Umogidi in Adoka, and Ode who begot the people of Yala ” While there may be some truth to the above, the Idoma cannot be said to have a unitary origin. Many Idoma groups and village subsets have their own histories complete with stories about how their people arrived at their current location. As one can imagine, the ever-changing of people through time makes it difficult to study Idoma history.

Scholarly History

Scholars have combined oral history with genealogical data and analysis of kinship totems to trace the roots of the Idoma people as a whole. One notable Idoma scholar E.O. Erim cites genealogical data, collected from most modern groups in Idoma suggesting that they derive from several ethnic groups, each with different historical origin. Furthermore, the available genealogies indicate the existence of diverse ethnic groups who descended from ancestors other than Idu. In several of these cases, the claim of common descent is backed by both extensive genealogical connections and possession of common kinship totems. Erim contends that while Idu was certainly a migration leader—he was not the “father” of the Idoma in the sense implied in the above traditions. These two considerations make it difficult to simply accept the view that every group in Idomaland is descended from Idu. Many Idoma kindred claim an ancestral homeland called Apa, north-east of present day Idomaland due to pressures of Northern invaders as recently as 300 years ago. The historical Apa was part of the ancient Kwararafa Kingdom (Okolofa Kingdom), a confederacy of several peoples. Informants in other ethnic groups have corroborated existence of this kingdom, chiefly the Jukun who also believe they once ruled a confederacy called Kwararafa. In the Hausa book Kano Chronicle it is mentioned that Zaria, under Queen Amina conquered all towns as far as Kwarafara in the 15th century. At present, there is a Local Government Area in Benue State called Apa and is said to be the home of those who made the first migration from the historical kingdom. For many Idoma nationalists today, the name Apa elicits sentiments of a past glory, and some in the political sphere have gone as far as suggesting it should become the name of a new Idoma state. Other scholars point to historical and linguistic evidence that suggests that Idoma have ties with the Igala people to the west, concluding that the two nations came from a common ancestor. Among this group, there are those who believe both ethnic groups fled the same kingdom at some point in history. It is interesting to note that many traditional Idoma spiritual chants and “secret” tongues spoken during traditional ceremonies are actually Igala dialects and there are some Idoma themselves who assert their Igala ancestry. There are yet other Idoma groups notably in the southern regions, which claim their ancestors arrived at their present location from Northern fringes of Igboland as a result of land disputes. Scholars believe these people had most likely fled Apa too, settled and resettled.
As suggested, a number of factors make it difficult to study Idoma historical origins of the Idoma people as a whole. In any event, it could be said that despite their heterogeneous origins, trading, marriage, language and other interactions among the Idoma have cultivated traditions and shaped a rich cultural identity distinctly their own.

Ebola virus disease

Background

The Ebola virus causes an acute, serious illness which is often fatal if untreated. Ebola virus disease (EVD) first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name.
The current outbreak in West Africa, (first cases notified in March 2014), is the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976. There have been more cases and deaths in this outbreak than all others combined. It has also spread between countries starting in Guinea then spreading across land borders to Sierra Leone and Liberia, by air (1 traveller) to Nigeria and USA (1 traveller), and by land to Senegal (1 traveller) and Mali (2 travellers).
The most severely affected countries, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, have very weak health systems, lack human and infrastructural resources, and have only recently emerged from long periods of conflict and instability. On August 8, the WHO Director-General declared the West Africa outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern under the International Health Regulations (2005).
The virus family Filoviridae includes three genera: Cuevavirus, Marburgvirus, and Ebolavirus. There are five species that have been identified: Zaire, Bundibugyo, Sudan, Reston and Taï Forest. The first three, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Zaire ebolavirus, and Sudan ebolavirus have been associated with large outbreaks in Africa. The virus causing the 2014 West African outbreak belongs to the Zaire species.

Transmission

It is thought that fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are natural Ebola virus hosts. Ebola is introduced into the human population through close contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected animals such as chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit bats, monkeys, forest antelope and porcupines found ill or dead or in the rainforest.
Ebola then spreads through human-to-human transmission via direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and with surfaces and materials (e.g. bedding, clothing) contaminated with these fluids.
Health-care workers have frequently been infected while treating patients with suspected or confirmed EVD. This has occurred through close contact with patients when infection control precautions are not strictly practiced.
Burial ceremonies in which mourners have direct contact with the body of the deceased person can also play a role in the transmission of Ebola.
People remain infectious as long as their blood contains the virus.
No formal evidence exists of sexual transmission, but sexual transmission from convalescent patients cannot be ruled out. There is evidence that live Ebola virus can be isolated in seminal fluids of convalescent men for 82 days after onset of symptoms. Evidence is not available yet beyond 82 days. There is no evidence of live Ebola virus in vaginal secretions.

Symptoms of Ebola virus disease

The incubation period, that is, the time interval from infection with the virus to onset of symptoms is 2 to 21 days. Humans are not infectious until they develop symptoms. First symptoms are the sudden onset of fever fatigue, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhoea, rash, symptoms of impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding (e.g. oozing from the gums, blood in the stools). Laboratory findings include low white blood cell and platelet counts and elevated liver enzymes.

Diagnosis

It can be difficult to distinguish EVD from other infectious diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever and meningitis. Confirmation that symptoms are caused by Ebola virus infection are made using the following investigations:
  • antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
  • antigen-capture detection tests
  • serum neutralization test
  • reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay
  • electron microscopy
  • virus isolation by cell culture.
Samples from patients are an extreme biohazard risk; laboratory testing on non-inactivated samples should be conducted under maximum biological containment conditions.

Treatment and vaccines

Supportive care-rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids- and treatment of specific symptoms, improves survival. There is as yet no proven treatment available for EVD. However, a range of potential treatments including blood products, immune therapies and drug therapies are currently being evaluated. No licensed vaccines are available yet, but 2 potential vaccines are undergoing human safety testing.

Prevention and control

Good outbreak control relies on applying a package of interventions, namely case management, surveillance and contact tracing, a good laboratory service, safe burials and social mobilisation. Community engagement is key to successfully controlling outbreaks. Raising awareness of risk factors for Ebola infection and protective measures that individuals can take is an effective way to reduce human transmission. Risk reduction messaging should focus on several factors:

Friday, 5 June 2015

Fashion Diasters

ionetheurbandaily.files.wordpress.com
ionetheurbandaily.files.wordpress.com
Many times celebrities will try to outdo each other by wearing ridiculous-looking clothing. They may think that they are making a fashion statement, when in fact they are making fools of themselves.  Here are some famous fashion disasters made by influential celebrities around the world.
mtv.com
mtv.com
Britney Spears And Justin Timberlake made a bold statement at the 2001 American Music Awards by wearing matching denim outfits. The outfits were not plain denim, however. They were more of a mish-mosh of different pairs of jeans that were cut apart and sewn together. Britney’s dress was strapless and Justin’s suit looked like a patchwork pair of overalls. Britney even carried a matching purse to the awards.
i.dailymail.co.uk
i.dailymail.co.uk
At the 2000 Grammys, Jennifer Lopez wore an eye-catching every-revealing Versace emerald green dress that left very little to the imagination. It was so low cut, it went below her belly button.

Wednesday, 27 May 2015

Guru Maharaji Reveals Who Will Win Presidential Election

Guru-Maharaji
Controversial leader of One Love Family, Sat Guru Mahara ji has revealed who will win the forthcoming presidential election. “There is no vacancy for Buhari at Aso Rock” he said. Dailypost reports that Guru Mahara Ji, in a bid to forewarn APC, has advised the party and its presidential candidate, General Muhammadu Buhari, to forget Nigeria’s presidency.
He declared in statement made on sunday “President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan is the verifiable divine choice of the forthcoming presidential election. As the Living Perfect Master of creation in whose hands the fate of Nigerian project lies spiritually, I declare divinity’s decision to return Jonathan to Aso Rock over Muhammadu Buhari.”
“I had publicly and sufficiently advised Buhari against nursing the ambition to rule Nigeria again. Superior forces are actually in-charge of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. I am at the helm of these great and unseen primordial powers of creation.”
“My commitment to ensuring that Buhari and his fellow Anglo-American proxies do not deflect Nigeria off its path of gradual transition to authentic sovereignty, sustainable unity and real prosperity is sacrosanct. Nigeria is no longer to be ruled by feudal agents of Western neo-colonial power and Arab imperialists,” he added.
The spiritual leader called on all lovers of freedom, fairness and human dignity in Nigeria to vote for President Jonathan, saying, “He is an authentic component of Nigeria’s divinely graphed transition to greatness. His return to Aso Rock will further secure Nigeria from being re-enslaved by those who insist they were born to rule.”

3 Relationship Pitfalls You Can Prevent


On the rocky road of Love, some of the deep potholes you encounter can cause a blowout. Careful driving with both eyes on the road will help you avoid the innumerable hazards that can wreck your precious bond. Relationships need attention and care, much like a car needs gas, a tune-up and an oil change every 3,000 miles. On your journey of love, prevent the three most treacherous and common relationship pitfalls.


Money, insecurity and fear of change are three demons that can spell doom for a relationship. We will examine each hot spot and create a set of affirmations that will keep your relationship humming.

Pitfall One: Money

      Money is not the greatest hazard to your relationship that everyone believes it to be. Money just makes the easiest argument, guaranteed to put everyone at odds. Money casts a weird spell in very unpredictable ways. The people who have much money tend to be very worried about losing it. To those with little, money is a constant concern, pain and need. Money drives some people mad. It urges others to steal and kill. Some don't have a care or worry about it. But to many, money becomes a sensitive hot button issue.
Money is a scapegoat, an excuse catch-all for many other issues and problems. Your soulmate may scream, "How much did you spend on those damn curtains?!," but what he would rather honestly admit is, "Honey, I feel like you've been pushing me away and I am lonely."
Money is always the easiest excuse. Everyone uses it. Someone is either spending too much or too little. Money is the easiest way to start an argument. When your boss yells at you for someone else's mistake, you can work the hurt feelings out in the gym or you can go home and pick a fight with your mate. "Do you really need that Porsche?" If you are angry that he has left the sink full of dirty dishes, push some buttons and remind him that he is not bringing home enough bacon. Money causes mayhem. It is the easiest way to insult and anger the one you love. Our society places a great deal of importance and imagined power on money. Your wealth is your stature. In a relationship, money can easily corrupt your pure love.
If we strip it naked, money is merely a unit of measure, an accounting tool. Money is a means of trade and exchange. Money holds no value in the strength of your relationship. Money can never be a symbol of your romantic achievements. Your partnership is the focus of your greatest success. The health, direction and progress of your partnership are where your greatest riches lie.
When the fires of a money argument start to smolder, step aside and ask, "What is the underlying problem here? What are we really arguing about?" Arguments over money rarely have anything to do with finances. Exhaust all your possibilities. What started your disagreement? Look for feelings of anger, resentment or failures with the zeal of a crime scene investigator. Who knows? At the end of the day, you may discover that nothing is amiss and the electric bill really is overdue.

Pitfall Two: Insecurity

      What is the difference between a relationship and a partnership? A relationship implies love and romance. A partnership sounds more like a business deal, with roles and responsibilities carefully defined. You are seeking a healthy love with elements of both. A relationship is made up of You, Me and Us.
Often times, love and emotion get tangled in mixed feelings and painful insecurities. In the workplace, none of that is tolerated. As a partner in love, you must balance yourself with heart and with your mind. Living closely and intimately is a wonderful thing. But it must be managed.
Insecurity can arise when your mate participates in activities and interests without you. However, partners must have their own identity respected and acknowledged. Together, you share mutual interests. Separately, you pursue your own. You and your mate are two independent individuals who have partnered to pursue a common goal. "Happily ever after" needs definition. Ask, "Together, what does a happy life mean to you, me and us?" Create concrete goals. Love will never be far away.

Pitfall Three: Change

In Life, you seek stability, looking for the things that you can trust, count on and believe in. You expect the same from a relationship. As human beings, we naturally seek an order to our ever-changing world. Stability is elusive to embrace. Stability rarely exists. By accepting the reality of our world and the need to embrace change, we create a greater worldview of Life. It allows us to discern the difference between the things we can worry about and those that we should not bother about.
What can you change? And what are the things over which you have no control? The earth that stands so firmly beneath your feet is an illusion. Everything changes. Terra Firma appears stable, but in reality, the earth's crust is very, very thin. There is little that protects us from the molten lava core of our planet Earth. An earthquake is a terribly frightening and beautifully awe-inspiring event. A quake is a reminder of how fragile our existence is. Nature is always blooming and decaying. Accept Change. It's happening whether you like it or not. An appreciation of Change will become the life force and strength of your Love.
True Love is never easy. Like all good things in life, your relationship needs attention and maintenance. Check the oil. Wash the car. Keep the air in your tires. Hit the gas and let your love fly.

Reprogram Yourself to Stop Falling in Love With The Wrong Person


When it comes to love and desire, we often think that there’s neither rhyme nor reason that governs attraction. As Emily Dickinson so aptly wrote, “The heart wants what it wants, or else it does not care.” And yet, by the time actor/director Woody Allen so famously co-opted the quote to explain the dubious beginnings of his longtime love affair with then step-daughter Soon-Yi Previn (begun while he was still romantically entangled with her mom, Mia Farrow), it was pretty clear that sometimes the heart wants something that might not actually be the best thing for it--or you.


But even more potentially damaging to chances at longtime romantic happiness is ignoring what’s going on in our heads. Many people find themselves locked into a negative cycle in which they repeatedly pursue partners who turn out to be either just plain ill-suited, or worse, downright destructive--but are seemingly clueless as to why. 
If you’re one of those “unlucky in love” types, wondering if there isn’t something you can do to change the game so that the odds are in your favor, there are actually several modifications you can make in your quest for amour--but the biggest changes you will likely have to make are going to start with you. In order to find lasting love, you must examine your personal history to shed light on events that set certain patterns in motion, and then you must re-learn the rules of attraction so that you are better able to focus on more suitable candidates for healthy romance. Here are a few steps to get you started.
Know The Catalyst
Many people who seem to haplessly fall into one doomed relationship after another do so because they’ve never fully resolved the childhood traumas that shaped their psyches, especially in cases of emotional abuse or neglect. As a child, you have no control over your environment, but as an adult, not only do you have the ability to understand how you came to be the person you’ve become, but you have the power to break destructive cycles by choosing not to engage in relationships that feed negative behavior.
Easier said than done? Yes, but professional help is there if you need it, and not everyone requires years of therapy to uncover what triggers self-destructive patterns. Knowledge is power. While you can never fix what was broken in the past, once you have the explanation, you can recognize the pull towards failed romances and move forward to make healthier choices.
Look Beyond Chemistry
Ah, chemistry . . . the most infamous weapon in Cupid’s arsenal, and yet, when we’re in school, chemistry is only one of the required courses. The evidence ofpheromone-based attraction notwithstanding, a well-rounded education in love demands the study of more than one subject.
No one’s telling you that you have to date someone to whom you are not physically attracted, but if that’s all there is, unless you’re looking for short-term gratification of an “urge to merge” (nothing wrong with that--so long as you understand that’s all it’s likely to be) chances are, lust is not going to be enough for the long haul.
Refocus Your Expectations
Refining expectations is not, I repeat, not synonymous with lowering expectations, so if you’re in the habit of repeatedly trying to pair up with unrealistic or unavailable partners, there’s a good chance it’s time to start setting your sights on more appropriate targets.
Lots of people are looking for love. That’s the pool you should dive into. And here’s a hint: As tempting as it may be to “drown in love” with that mythical mermaid, or plummet to giddy depths in tandem with the daring swain beckoning you to come hither from the high diving board, sticking with someone who swims at the same pace as you do will likely be infinitely more fulfilling once you reach the deep end.
The Real Benefits of Friends With Benefits
In the most enduring romances, passion evolves. Over time, rather than burning white-hot, it smolders beneath the surface like a bed of warm coals, and flares when properly fueled and fanned. 
Understanding how to build a romance based on the joy of one another’s company that’s bolstered by a shared sense of humor, like interests and mutual understanding is akin to knowing how to properly bank a fire so that it doesn’t burn out. Not every friendship will or should blossom into romance, but it’s an excellent way to start. So, if you’ve been dating yet one more lover and all-too-soon find yourself saying, “I love him/her, but I don’t like him/her” this is one lesson you should really take to heart because eventually, when love fizzles out, that dislike is going to color everything that’s left, and it’s not going to paint a pretty picture. 

Monday, 25 May 2015

3 Popular Tattoo Trends for Girls


1. Finger tattoos 
1. Finger tattoosA small tattoo attracts attention no less than a larger tattoo that is especially immediate of interest for girls. Finger tattoos look fricky and exotic. It is a vibrancy of its own! It’s a true art that recently became a trend. Celebrities picked up this trend with great pleasure. Now finger tattoos adorn Beyonce, Rihanna, Miley Cyrus and many other famous ladies. A tattoo actually so fun to have! By the way, you can start your tattoo experience with finger tattoos, as long as it doesn’t attract a lot of attention and they look so darn classy.
There’s a lot of room for imagination here – lines, bizzare symbols, infinity signs, simple letters or words, cute tiny portraits, nice patterns… Finger tattoos are easy to get creative with; simply think of a concept and rush to your tat master. By the way, you should be careful choosing an ink slinger, as tattoo on fingers loose color really quickly, because you’re always doing something with your hands. So think of artwork that can be easily amplified (re-drawn) later. If you decide to apply a finger tattoo better choose bold patterns and black or dark blue colors.

2. Couple tattoos
2. Couple tattoosGetting a “Couple’s Tattoo” is an amazing and sincere way to express your love. The Couple’s Tattoo is about everlasting, forever love. It looks so touchy! It means you committed to your beloved till the end of your life, as inks last forever.
Couple tattoos can be matching or the same; can have particular meaning that is understandable for only the two of you or just the love quotes you like. They can be funny or inspiring.
Either it is your boyfriend or best friend, you must be pretty sure you wanna keep lifelong ties. Think carefully before getting a couple tattoo, so that you won’t regret it later. As soon as you are absolutely sure that this is THE love of your life – surf for ideas and designs or create something with your partner that the two of you will adore forever.
3. White tattoo 
3. White tattooWhite ink tattoos are gaining popularity by leaps and bounds. These tattoos are made with white inks than can look really subtle and makes it even more cryptic. Remember the white tats are inked with more thickened inks to make it visible, so it may look incuse. It completely differs from regular tattoos in style and technique and they can be slinged with UV inks that make it glow!
Plus, unlike regular tattoos white ink requires special care and treatment – they take longer to heal so you need to keep it covered and away from the sun. If you don’t, your tattoo can become yellowish or grey or even disappear completely. Depending on the skin tone white tats may look like scars, so think of it more like branding rather than a tattoo.

Sunday, 24 May 2015

idoma people and culture

Traditional History

the history of the Idoma people precedes the history of Benue state (created 1976) and the history of the Republic of Nigeria (created 1960). Oral tradition is the primary method of which history has been passed in Idomaland and is considered a central cultural institution. From a young age Idoma children usually learn from their elders stories of old and are brought up around extended families, which make multiple historical resources available. When prompted Idomas generally will proudly tell you where they are from, and it’s not uncommon for Idoma to be able to recite at least four generations of their progenitors. Historically, being unable to answer the emblematic question “Who is your father?” disqualified one from important roles and titles in Idomaland. Quite naturally, a number of villages trace origins to single ancestors and further, several Idoma groups trace their heritage to one common ancestor, considered the “father” of the different groups. According to traditional history, Iduh, the father of the Idoma had several children who each established different areas. Hence the expression: “Iduh the father of Idoma.” “Iduh the father of Idoma Iduh who begot all the Idoma He also begot the following children: Ananawoogeno who begot the children of Igwumale; Olinaogwu who begot the people of Ugboju; Idum who begot the people of Adoka; Agabi who begot the people of Otukpo; Eje who begot the people of Oglewu; Ebeibi who begot the people of Umogidi in Adoka, and Ode who begot the people of Yala ” While there may be some truth to the above, the Idoma cannot be said to have a unitary origin. Many Idoma groups and village subsets have their own histories complete with stories about how their people arrived at their current location. As one can imagine, the ever-changing of people through time makes it difficult to study Idoma history.

Scholarly History

Scholars have combined oral history with genealogical data and analysis of kinship totems to trace the roots of the Idoma people as a whole. One notable Idoma scholar E.O. Erim cites genealogical data, collected from most modern groups in Idoma suggesting that they derive from several ethnic groups, each with different historical origin. Furthermore, the available genealogies indicate the existence of diverse ethnic groups who descended from ancestors other than Idu. In several of these cases, the claim of common descent is backed by both extensive genealogical connections and possession of common kinship totems. Erim contends that while Idu was certainly a migration leader—he was not the “father” of the Idoma in the sense implied in the above traditions. These two considerations make it difficult to simply accept the view that every group in Idomaland is descended from Idu. Many Idoma kindred claim an ancestral homeland called Apa, north-east of present day Idomaland due to pressures of Northern invaders as recently as 300 years ago. The historical Apa was part of the ancient Kwararafa Kingdom (Okolofa Kingdom), a confederacy of several peoples. Informants in other ethnic groups have corroborated existence of this kingdom, chiefly the Jukun who also believe they once ruled a confederacy called Kwararafa. In the Hausa book Kano Chronicle it is mentioned that Zaria, under Queen Amina conquered all towns as far as Kwarafara in the 15th century. At present, there is a Local Government Area in Benue State called Apa and is said to be the home of those who made the first migration from the historical kingdom. For many Idoma nationalists today, the name Apa elicits sentiments of a past glory, and some in the political sphere have gone as far as suggesting it should become the name of a new Idoma state. Other scholars point to historical and linguistic evidence that suggests that Idoma have ties with the Igala people to the west, concluding that the two nations came from a common ancestor. Among this group, there are those who believe both ethnic groups fled the same kingdom at some point in history. It is interesting to note that many traditional Idoma spiritual chants and “secret” tongues spoken during traditional ceremonies are actually Igala dialects and there are some Idoma themselves who assert their Igala ancestry. There are yet other Idoma groups notably in the southern regions, which claim their ancestors arrived at their present location from Northern fringes of Igboland as a result of land disputes. Scholars believe these people had most likely fled Apa too, settled and resettled.
As suggested, a number of factors make it difficult to study Idoma historical origins of the Idoma people as a whole. In any event, it could be said that despite their heterogeneous origins, trading, marriage, language and other interactions among the Idoma have cultivated traditions and shaped a rich cultural identity distinctly their own.

Ebola virus disease

Background

The Ebola virus causes an acute, serious illness which is often fatal if untreated. Ebola virus disease (EVD) first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name.
The current outbreak in West Africa, (first cases notified in March 2014), is the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976. There have been more cases and deaths in this outbreak than all others combined. It has also spread between countries starting in Guinea then spreading across land borders to Sierra Leone and Liberia, by air (1 traveller) to Nigeria and USA (1 traveller), and by land to Senegal (1 traveller) and Mali (2 travellers).
The most severely affected countries, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, have very weak health systems, lack human and infrastructural resources, and have only recently emerged from long periods of conflict and instability. On August 8, the WHO Director-General declared the West Africa outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern under the International Health Regulations (2005).
The virus family Filoviridae includes three genera: Cuevavirus, Marburgvirus, and Ebolavirus. There are five species that have been identified: Zaire, Bundibugyo, Sudan, Reston and Taï Forest. The first three, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Zaire ebolavirus, and Sudan ebolavirus have been associated with large outbreaks in Africa. The virus causing the 2014 West African outbreak belongs to the Zaire species.

Transmission

It is thought that fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are natural Ebola virus hosts. Ebola is introduced into the human population through close contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected animals such as chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit bats, monkeys, forest antelope and porcupines found ill or dead or in the rainforest.
Ebola then spreads through human-to-human transmission via direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and with surfaces and materials (e.g. bedding, clothing) contaminated with these fluids.
Health-care workers have frequently been infected while treating patients with suspected or confirmed EVD. This has occurred through close contact with patients when infection control precautions are not strictly practiced.
Burial ceremonies in which mourners have direct contact with the body of the deceased person can also play a role in the transmission of Ebola.
People remain infectious as long as their blood contains the virus.
No formal evidence exists of sexual transmission, but sexual transmission from convalescent patients cannot be ruled out. There is evidence that live Ebola virus can be isolated in seminal fluids of convalescent men for 82 days after onset of symptoms. Evidence is not available yet beyond 82 days. There is no evidence of live Ebola virus in vaginal secretions.

Symptoms of Ebola virus disease

The incubation period, that is, the time interval from infection with the virus to onset of symptoms is 2 to 21 days. Humans are not infectious until they develop symptoms. First symptoms are the sudden onset of fever fatigue, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhoea, rash, symptoms of impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding (e.g. oozing from the gums, blood in the stools). Laboratory findings include low white blood cell and platelet counts and elevated liver enzymes.

Diagnosis

It can be difficult to distinguish EVD from other infectious diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever and meningitis. Confirmation that symptoms are caused by Ebola virus infection are made using the following investigations:
  • antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
  • antigen-capture detection tests
  • serum neutralization test
  • reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay
  • electron microscopy
  • virus isolation by cell culture.
Samples from patients are an extreme biohazard risk; laboratory testing on non-inactivated samples should be conducted under maximum biological containment conditions.

Treatment and vaccines

Supportive care-rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids- and treatment of specific symptoms, improves survival. There is as yet no proven treatment available for EVD. However, a range of potential treatments including blood products, immune therapies and drug therapies are currently being evaluated. No licensed vaccines are available yet, but 2 potential vaccines are undergoing human safety testing.

Prevention and control

Good outbreak control relies on applying a package of interventions, namely case management, surveillance and contact tracing, a good laboratory service, safe burials and social mobilisation. Community engagement is key to successfully controlling outbreaks. Raising awareness of risk factors for Ebola infection and protective measures that individuals can take is an effective way to reduce human transmission. Risk reduction messaging should focus on several factors: